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第 22 週 · 應試銜接 · 第 4 節

P1 乙部壓軸攻略:Q15–19 破題套路

乙部 35 分是 4 分與 5** 的分水嶺,但 13 年題位規律穩定得驚人:計數概率、等比、等差×對數、立體三角、圓方程壓軸 —— <u>每個題位都有固定套路</u>。這節逐位拆解,目標:每題啃下 (a) 小問+完整拿下兩道。

▶ 第一關: Q15–Q16 計數與等比 —— 一問定判與流水線
nPr or nCr? one question decidesdoes ORDER matter?YESNOnPr (permutation)queue / rank / digitsnCr (combination)choose team / committee10P3 = 72010C3 = 120swap two people: new result? use P. same group? use C.
S(n) creeps up to a limit when |r| < 1limit = a(1)/(1-r)S1S2S3S4S5S6but if r > 1: S(n) beats ANY bound, so solve for the n
▶ 第二關: Q17 等差×對數 —— log 是把連乘變連加的橋
log turns PRODUCT into SUMPRODUCTG(1)G(2)...G(n)SUMA(1)+A(2)+...+A(n)take loglog(ab) = log a + log bthen S(n) = n[2a+(n-1)d]/2 and solve the inequality
▶ 第三關: Q18 立體三角 —— 畫切算答四步法
angle between a line and a planeTA (foot)Cprojection CAangle TCAangle(TC, plane) = angle between TC and its projection CA
dihedral angle: an open bookedge (spine)dihedral angleone line in EACH face, both perpendicular to the edge,meeting the edge at the SAME point
fold along AM: kept lengths vs new BCABCM1010668before: flat, BC = 12ABCMAM = 8 keptangle BMC = 90after: new BC = 6√2 = 8.49
⚔ BOSS 第四關: Q19 圓方程壓軸全解剖
tangency test: two methodsGLd = rmethod 1 (best):dist(centre, line) = rmethod 2:sub line into circle,discriminant = 0two k values = two tangents from an external point
two circles: the centre distance decidesexternal: d = r1 + r23 + 5 type: d = 8internal: d = r1 - r25 - 3 type: d = 2
the 12-mark question in one pictureL1: y = 6 (k = 0)L2 (k = -4)P(0,6)T1(8,6)G(8,2)T2PT1 = 8r = 4area of PT1GT2 = 2 x (1/2 x 8 x 4) = 32